![]() Expiratory tidal volume and carbon dioxide levels were measured. We determined if there were differences in dead space and alveolar ventilation in ventilated infants with pulmonary disease or no respiratory morbidity.Ī prospective study of mechanically ventilated infants was undertaken. Ventilation may exceed perfusion in parts of the lung resulting in increased physiological dead air space.Dead space is the volume not taking part in gas exchange and, if increased, could affect alveolar ventilation if there is too low a delivered volume. Air may reach the periphery of the lungs but fail to make contact with the capillary blood. The alveoli become permanently damaged (see video above). ![]() This is why breathlessness and fatigue are common symptoms of COPD. This extra effort can make the patient feel very tired. However, this does not mean that your oxygen levels are low because the breathing muscles around the chest are working harder to compensate. The respiratory muscles then have to work harder to get air in and out of your lungs.As the lungs become hyper-inflated they elongate and flatten, which means the diaphragm does not work as well as it should. As a result, air gets trapped in the lungs and the lungs get bigger (hyper-inflated). These changes cause the air sacs (alveoli) to close before you have fully exhaled. In emphysema, exposure to an irritant over many years causes an inflammation in the lungs which causes the following changes: Please note there is no audio for this animation
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